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| Alexander Fleming, a discover of penicillin (Wikipedia) |
Note: Imagine a world without antibiotics! These simple drugs have saved countless lives by preventing infection.
Get Ready: Have you ever needed an antibiotic? For what? If not, imagine some problems that you might need antibiotics for.
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| Charles Darwin (Wikipedia) |
Note: Sometimes science advances by invention, other times by discovery. In this latter category falls the story of a recently-graduated naturalist who set out from England in 1831 on a five-year voyage along both coasts of South America and onward around the globe.
Get Ready: Where do you think life came from? Was it the result of natural causes; an act of God; or some other source?
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| Mountain gorilla (Wikipedia) |
Note: No "normal" person believes that creatures like Bigfoot or the Loch Ness Monster are really out there. But did you know that the mountain gorilla was unknown to modern science until about 120 years ago? How it was "discovered" is an interesting story...
Get Ready: Do you believe there are species of large mammals still waiting to be discovered? Remember, thousands of much smaller creatures--mostly insects, but also snakes, lizards, fish, and others--are discovered every year!
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| Pliny the Elder (supposedly) (Wikipedia) |
Note: A true scientist who went into the field and "got his hands dirty," the Roman naturalist Pliny died while observing a the effects of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE.
Get Ready: Have you ever been in an earthquake, hurricane, typhoon, volcanic eruption, tsunami, or other major natural disaster? What was it like?
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| Aristotle (Wikipedia) |
Note: In the olden days, it was hard to distinguish science from philosophy; but Aristotle was a master of both. See some of his theories in this lesson.
Get Ready: What causes a scientific theory to be disproven? I mean, why is it that things people believed about scientific ideas long ago are no longer believed?
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| Ramón y Cajal (Wikipedia) |
Note: It's never been easy to do research in Spain, a country with little support for science. But Santiago Ramón y Cajal found a way, becoming a trailblazing scientist!
Get Ready: How important is infrastructure--government support, proper laboratories, and so on--in the pursuit of new scientific discoveries? Can a "basement scientist" get far these days?
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| A rainforest (Wikipedia) |
Note: Ecology is much more than just recycling cans and bottles; it's the study of the relationships of living organisms to their habitats.
Get Ready: What kind of habitat do you live in (or near)? Mountains? Seashore? Something else?
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| The six big joints (Wikipedia) |
Note: Wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, ankle: most of these important joints have idioms to go with them, some of which you can learn in this lesson.
Get Ready: Move ("flex") each of the joints shown in the picture above. Which ones move differently? Which ones move in the same way?
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| The branches of science as their subjects evolved through time (Wikipedia) |
Note: We live in the age of science. Let's listen in as Sunny and Antonio discuss the many branches of this important field of study.
Get Ready: Are you "good at" science? Do you like it? Why or why not?
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| If it were possible, Mexican food would be my entire diet! (Wikipedia) |
Note: Whatever you eat is your "diet"--whether you're trying to lose weight or not! Learn more words about diet and nutrition.
Get Ready: What is your "diet"? Have you ever tried to lose weight?
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